On Vertical Dynamics Theory & Implementation
How Vehicles Ride the Road
Vertical dynamics governs the vehicle’s relationship with the road surface; how it absorbs bumps, manages body motion, and maintains tire contact. This is a comprehensive approach to understanding this immensely complex discipline that we have had to learn the hard way. It starts with the fundamentals of objectively describing the road, vehicle system, and response to vibration. We lastly cover a high-level implementation of various components across the impact chain, tire to human. Several additional lenses will dive deeper into select topics (active suspension, vehicle development, etc.), but one can treat this lens as the entry point to vertical dynamics.
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  • Understanding Vertical Vehicle Dynamics: Why It Matters

  • Defining Success in Vertical Vehicle Dynamics

  • Glossary: Vertical Dynamics

    • Mathematical Basics

  • Mathematical Essentials for Vertical Vehicle Dynamics Analysis

  • Why These Mathematical Basics Matter

  • Time vs. Frequency Domains

  • Frequency Response

  • Fourier Transform, Fourier Series, and frequency spectrum

  • An Intuitive Interpretation Of The Fourier Transform (or The Link Between Fourier Analysis And Linear Algebra)

  • What is a power spectrum?

  • Understanding Power Spectral Density and the Power Spectrum

  • Random Data: Analysis and Measurement Procedures

    • Road Surface, the Fundamental Source of Disturbance

  • How Roads Are Described and Modeled in Suspension Design

  • Benchmark vehicle suspension data based on ISO 8608 road profiles

  • Simulated Road Profiles According to ISO 8608 in Vibration Analysis

  • International Roughness Index (IRI) - World Bank Document

  • International Roughness Index - parsing and validation library (GitHub Repo)

  • ASAM OpenCRG®

  • Durability Tests with OpenCRG Roads

    • Evaluation & Perception

  • Ride analysis tools for passenger cars: objective and subjective evaluation techniques and correlation processes – a review

  • Identifying Factors of Comfort and Discomfort in Sitting

  • Monroe Expert Talk Series: Primary vs. Secondary Ride

  • Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) Reduction Using Advanced Dampers

  • Evaluating ride comfort objectively with AI

  • Difference thresholds for primary and secondary ride of a vehicle on a 4-poster test rig

    • Impact Chain from Tire to Human

  • Sprung vs.Unsprung Mass

  • Car Suspension: Multi-link suspension explained | Multi-link vs Double wishbone suspension (2022)

  • Every Type of Suspension Explained

  • Double Wishbone vs Macpherson - Pros and Cons of Each Suspension

  • Modeling of a Seated Human Body Exposed to Vertical Vibrations in Various Automotive Postures

    • Suspension Control

  • Survey and Performance Evaluation on Some Automotive Semi-Active Suspension Control Methods: a Comparative Study on a Single-Corner Model

  • Preview-based techniques for vehicle suspension control: a state-of-the-art review

  • A Review of Vehicle Dynamics and Control Approaches for Mitigating Motion Sickness in Autonomous Vehicles

  • Electronically controlled active suspension with sMOTION

    • Development & Validation Chain

  • Modeling Levels in Vehicle Vertical Dynamics

  • Tyre Models in Multibody Vehicle Simulations

  • Webinar- Tire modeling in Adams using FTire and PAC2002

  • Guido Koch's PhD: Adaptive Control of Mechatronic Vehicle Suspension Systems

    • Active Suspension Highlights

  • Ride Comfort and Active Suspension Systems towards Automated Driving – An Objective Target Value and a Method to investigate Actuator Requirements

  • Porsche Active Ride [An Announcement of 13Hz Active Control]

  • Lotus Active Suspension

  • William Takes on the 5-Layer Champagne Tower Challenge with ET9